Grid Modernization Research and Development Act of 2020

IB Union Calendar No. 380 116TH CONGRESS 2D SESSION H. R. 5428 [Report No. 116–474] To amend the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 and the Energy Policy Act of 2005 to direct Federal research on grid moderniza- tion and security, and for other purposes. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES DECEMBER 13, 2019 Mr. LAMB (for himself and Ms. HERRERA BEUTLER) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology AUGUST 11, 2020 Additional sponsors: Ms. JOHNSON of Texas, Mr. FITZPATRICK, and Mr. MCADAMS AUGUST 11, 2020 Reported with an amendment; committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed [Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic] [For text of introduced bill, see copy of bill as introduced on December 13, 2019] VerDate Sep 11 2014 21:39 Aug 11, 2020 Jkt 099200 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6652 E:\BILLS\H5428.RH H5428 pamtmann on DSKBC07HB2PROD with BILLS 2 •HR 5428 RH A BILL To amend the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 and the Energy Policy Act of 2005 to direct Fed- eral research on grid modernization and security, and for other purposes. VerDate Sep 11 2014 21:39 Aug 11, 2020 Jkt 099200 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6652 E:\BILLS\H5428.RH H5428 pamtmann on DSKBC07HB2PROD with BILLS 3 •HR 5428 RH Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa- 1 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 2 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 3 (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 4 ‘‘Grid Modernization Research and Development Act of 5 2020’’. 6 (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for 7 this Act is as follows: 8 Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. Sec. 2. Smart grid regional demonstration initiative. Sec. 3. Smart grid modeling, visualization, architecture, and controls. Sec. 4. Enhancing grid resilience and emergency response. Sec. 5. Hybrid energy systems. Sec. 6. Grid integration research and development. Sec. 7. Industry alliance. Sec. 8. Coordination of efforts. Sec. 9. Definitions. Sec. 10. Technical amendments; authorization of appropriations. SEC. 2. SMART GRID REGIONAL DEMONSTRATION INITIA- 9 TIVE. 10 Section 1304 of the Energy Independence and Security 11 Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17384) is amended— 12 (1) in subsection (a), by inserting ‘‘research, de- 13 velopment, and demonstration’’ before ‘‘program’’; 14 (2) in subsection (b)— 15 (A) by amending paragraph (1) to read as 16 follows: 17 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish 18 a smart grid regional demonstration initiative (re- 19 ferred to in this subsection as the ‘Initiative’) com- 20 VerDate Sep 11 2014 21:39 Aug 11, 2020 Jkt 099200 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6203 E:\BILLS\H5428.RH H5428 pamtmann on DSKBC07HB2PROD with BILLS 4 •HR 5428 RH posed of demonstration projects focused on cost-effec- 1 tive, advanced technologies for use in power grid sens- 2 ing, communications, analysis, power flow control, 3 visualization, distribution automation, industrial 4 control systems, dynamic line rating systems, grid re- 5 design, and the integration of distributed energy re- 6 sources.’’; and 7 (B) in paragraph (2)— 8 (i) in subparagraph (D), by striking 9 ‘‘and’’ at the end; 10 (ii) in subparagraph (E), by striking 11 the period and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 12 (iii) by inserting at the end the fol- 13 lowing: 14 ‘‘(F) to encourage the commercial applica- 15 tion of advanced distribution automation tech- 16 nologies that improve system resilience.’’. 17 SEC. 3. SMART GRID MODELING, VISUALIZATION, ARCHI- 18 TECTURE, AND CONTROLS. 19 Title XIII of the Energy Independence and Security 20 Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17381 et seq.) is amended by insert- 21 ing after section 1304 the following: 22 VerDate Sep 11 2014 21:39 Aug 11, 2020 Jkt 099200 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6203 E:\BILLS\H5428.RH H5428 pamtmann on DSKBC07HB2PROD with BILLS 5 •HR 5428 RH ‘‘SEC. 1304a. SMART GRID MODELING, VISUALIZATION, AR- 1 CHITECTURE, AND CONTROLS. 2 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 3 enactment of the Grid Modernization Research and Devel- 4 opment Act of 2020, the Secretary shall establish a program 5 of research, development, demonstration, and commercial 6 application on electric grid modeling, sensing, visualiza- 7 tion, architecture development, and advanced operation and 8 controls. 9 ‘‘(b) MODELING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.—The 10 Secretary shall support development of models of emerging 11 technologies and systems to facilitate the secure and reliable 12 design, planning, and operation of the electric grid for use 13 by industry stakeholders. In particular, the Secretary shall 14 support development of— 15 ‘‘(1) models to analyze and predict the effects of 16 adverse physical and cyber events on the electric grid; 17 ‘‘(2) coupled models of electrical, physical, and 18 cyber systems; 19 ‘‘(3) models of existing and emerging technologies 20 being deployed on the electric grid due to projected 21 changes in the electric generation mix and loads, for 22 a variety of regional characteristics; and 23 ‘‘(4) integrated models of the communications, 24 transmission, distribution, and other interdependent 25 systems for existing, new, and emerging technologies. 26 VerDate Sep 11 2014 21:39 Aug 11, 2020 Jkt 099200 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6203 E:\BILLS\H5428.RH H5428 pamtmann on DSKBC07HB2PROD with BILLS 6 •HR 5428 RH ‘‘(c) SITUATIONAL AWARENESS RESEARCH AND DE- 1 VELOPMENT.— 2 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall support 3 development of computational tools and technologies 4 to improve sensing, monitoring, and visualization of 5 the electric grid for real-time situational awareness 6 and decision support tools that enable improved oper- 7 ation of the power system, including utility, non-util- 8 ity, and customer grid-connected assets, for use by in- 9 dustry partners. 10 ‘‘(2) DATA USE.—In developing visualization ca- 11 pabilities under this section, the Secretary shall de- 12 velop tools for industry stakeholders to use to analyze 13 data collected from advanced measurement and moni- 14 toring technologies, including data from phasor meas- 15 urement units and advanced metering units. 16 ‘‘(3) SEVERE EVENTS.—The Secretary shall 17 prioritize enhancing cyber and physical situational 18 awareness of the electric grid during adverse man- 19 made and naturally-occurring events. 20 ‘‘(d) ARCHITECTURE.—The Secretary shall conduct re- 21 search in collaboration with industry stakeholders to de- 22 velop model grid architectures to assist with wide-area 23 transmission and distribution planning that incorporate 24 expected changes to the modern electric grid. In supporting 25 VerDate Sep 11 2014 21:39 Aug 11, 2020 Jkt 099200 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6203 E:\BILLS\H5428.RH H5428 pamtmann on DSKBC07HB2PROD with BILLS 7 •HR 5428 RH the development of model grid architectures, the Secretary 1 shall— 2 ‘‘(1) analyze a variety of grid architecture sce- 3 narios that range from minor upgrades to existing 4 transmission grid infrastructure to scenarios that in- 5 volve the replacement of significant portions of exist- 6 ing transmission grid infrastructure; 7 ‘‘(2) analyze the effects of the increasing pro- 8 liferation of renewable and other zero emissions en- 9 ergy generation sources, increasing use of distributed 10 resources owned by non-utility entities, and the use of 11 digital and automated controls not managed by grid 12 operators; 13 ‘‘(3) include a variety of new and emerging dis- 14 tribution grid technologies, including distributed en- 15 ergy resources, electric vehicle charging stations, dis- 16 tribution automation technologies, energy storage, and 17 renewable energy sources; 18 ‘‘(4) analyze the effects of local load balancing 19 and other forms of decentralized control; 20 ‘‘(5) analyze the effects of changes to grid archi- 21 tectures resulting from modernizing electric grid sys- 22 tems, including communications, controls, markets, 23 consumer choice, emergency response, electrification, 24 and cybersecurity concerns; and 25 VerDate Sep 11 2014 21:39 Aug 11, 2020 Jkt 099200 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6203 E:\BILLS\H5428.RH H5428 pamtmann on DSKBC07HB2PROD with BILLS 8 •HR 5428 RH ‘‘(6) develop integrated grid architectures that 1 incorporate system resilience for cyber, physical, and 2 communications systems. 3 ‘‘(e) OPERATION AND CONTROLS RESEARCH AND DE- 4 VELOPMENT.—The Secretary shall conduct research to de- 5 velop improvements to the operation and controls of the 6 electric grid, in coordination with industry partners. Such 7 activities shall include— 8 ‘‘(1) a training facility or facilities to allow grid 9 operators to gain operational experience with ad- 10 vanced grid control concepts and technologies; 11 ‘‘(2) development of cost-effective advanced oper- 12 ation and control concepts and technologies, such as 13 adaptive islanding, dynamic line rating systems, 14 power flow controllers, network topology optimization, 15 smart circuit breakers, intelligent load shedding, and 16 fault-tolerant control system architectures; 17 ‘‘(3) development of real-time control concepts 18 using artificial intelligence and machine learning for 19 improved electric grid resilience; and 20 ‘‘(4) utilization of advanced data analytics in- 21 cluding load forecasting, power flow modeling, equip- 22 ment failure prediction, resource optimization, risk 23 analysis, and decision analysis. 24 VerDate Sep 11 2014 21:39 Aug 11, 2020 Jkt 099200 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6203 E:\BILLS\H5428.RH H5428 pamtmann on DSKBC07HB2PROD with BILLS 9 •HR 5428 RH ‘‘(f) INTEROPERABILITY RESEARCH AND DEVELOP- 1 MENT.—The Secretary shall conduct research and develop- 2 ment on tools and technologies that improve the interoper- 3 ability and compatibility of new and emerging components, 4 technologies, and systems with existing electric grid infra- 5 structure. 6 ‘‘(g) COMPUTING RESOURCES AND DATA COORDINA- 7 TION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.—In carrying out this 8 section, the Secretary shall— 9 ‘‘(1) leverage existing computing resources at the 10 National Laboratories; 11 ‘‘(2) develop voluntary standards for data 12 taxonomies and communication protocols in coordi- 13 nation with public and private sector stakeholders; 14 and 15 ‘‘(3) comply with section 8 of the Grid Mod- 16 ernization Research and Development Act of 2019. 17 ‘‘(h) INFORMATION SHARING.—None of the activities 18 authorized in this section shall require private entities to 19 share information or data with the Secretary.’’. 20 SEC. 4. ENHANCING GRID RESILIENCE AND EMERGENCY 21 RESPONSE. 22 Title XIII of the Energy Independence and Security 23 Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17381 et. seq.) is amended by adding 24 at the end the following: 25 VerDate Sep 11 2014 21:39 Aug 11, 2020 Jkt 099200 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6203 E:\BILLS\H5428.RH H5428 pamtmann on DSKBC07HB2PROD with BILLS 10 •HR 5428 RH ‘‘SEC. 1310. GRID RESILIENCE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE. 1 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 2 enactment of the Grid Modernization Research and Devel- 3 opment Act of 2019, the Secretary shall establish a research, 4 development, and demonstration program to enhance resil- 5 ience and strengthen emergency response and management 6 pertaining to the electric grid. 7 ‘‘(b) GRANTS.—The Secretary shall award grants to 8 eligible entities under subsection (c) on a competitive basis 9 to conduct research and development with the purpose of 10 improving the resilience and reliability of electric grid by— 11 ‘‘(1) developing methods to improve community 12 and governmental preparation for and emergency re- 13 sponse to large-area, long-duration electricity inter- 14 ruptions, including through the use of energy effi- 15 ciency, storage, and distributed generation tech- 16 nologies; 17 ‘‘(2) developing tools to help utilities and com- 18 munities ensure the continuous delivery of electricity 19 to critical facilities; 20 ‘‘(3) developing tools to improve coordination be- 21 tween utilities and relevant Federal agencies to enable 22 communication, information-sharing, and situational 23 awareness in the event of a physical or cyber attack 24 on the electric grid; 25 VerDate Sep 11 2014 21:39 Aug 11, 2020 Jkt 099200 PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6203 E:\BILLS\H5428.RH H5428 pamtmann on DSKBC07HB2PROD with BILLS 11 •HR 5428 RH ‘‘(4) developing technologies and capabilities to 1 withstand and address the current and projected im- 2 pact of the changing climate on electric grid infra- 3 structure, including extreme weather events and other 4 natural disasters; 5 ‘‘(5) developing technologies capable of early de- 6 tection of deteriorating electrical equipment on the 7 transmission and distribution grid, including detec- 8 tion of spark ignition from wildfires and risks of 9 vegetation contact; and 10 ‘‘(6) assessing upgrades and additions needed to 11 electric grid infrastructure due to projected changes in 12 the electricity generation mix and electricity demand. 13 ‘‘(c) ELIGIBLE ENTITIES.—The entities eligible to re- 14 ceive grants under this section include— 15 ‘‘(1) an institution of higher education; 16 ‘‘(2) a nonprofit organization; 17 ‘‘(3) a National Laboratory; 18 ‘‘(4) a unit of State, local, or tribal government; 19 ‘‘(5) an electric utility or electric cooperative; 20 ‘‘(6) a retail service provider of electricity; 21 ‘‘(7) a private commercial entity; and 22 ‘‘(8) a partnership or consortium of 2 or more 23 entities described in subparagraphs (1) through (7). 24 VerDate Sep 11 2014 21:39 Aug 11, 2020 Jkt 099200 PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6203 E:\BILLS\H5428.RH H5428 pamtmann on DSKBC07HB2PROD with BILLS 12 •HR 5428 RH ‘‘(d) RELEVANT ACTIVITIES.—Grants awarded under 1 subsection (b) shall include funding for research and devel- 2 opment activities related to the purpose described in sub- 3 section (b), such as— 4 ‘‘(1) development of technologies to use distrib- 5 uted energy resources, such as solar photovoltaics, en- 6 ergy storage systems, electric vehicles, and microgrids 7 to improve grid and critical end-user resilience; 8 ‘‘(2) analysis of non-technical barriers to greater 9 integration and use of technologies on the distribution 10 grid; 11 ‘‘(3) analysis of past large-area, long-duration 12 electricity interruptions to identify common elements 13 and best practices for electricity restoration, mitiga- 14 tion, and prevention of future disruptions; 15 ‘‘(4) development of advanced monitoring, ana- 16 lytics, operation, and controls of electricity grid sys- 17 tems to improve electric grid resilience; 18 ‘‘(5) analysis of technologies, methods, [Text truncated for display. 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